2002年英仙座流星雨观测记录详解
该记录曾被国际流星组织采用,说明文字是我自己配的,希望能对喜爱流星雨观测的同好有帮助。格式有点乱,大家凑合看吧。提醒一点:如果想发送报告,需要将文件存成纯文本格式,千万不要用Word或Excel文档!>
VISUAL OBSERVING FORM - PERSEIDS REPORT
DAY: 12; MONTH: AUG; YEAR: 2002 BEGIN: 16 h 45 m; END: 20 h 20 m (UT) OBSERVER: Bo Zhang; IMO code: ZHABF LOCATION: long.: 117d 20' E; latit.: 39d 10' N; Elevation: 1m SITE: Dongli Lake; COUNTRY: P. R. China; IMO code: 30011 RECORDING METHOD: Tape Recorder; Paper
注:前几项就不必多说了吧,只有一点:时间要用世界时。观测者的那个IMO code,格式是姓的前3个字母加名的前2个字母,如姓氏只有两个字母,则在中间留一空格(但我自己的code有些特殊,因为有重复,被IMO告知最后一个字母是F)。
OBSERVED SHOWERS Shw. alpha delta PER 046 +58 KCG 284 +59
注:观测当天处于活动期的流星群,注意坐标需要考虑辐射点漂移,具体参考IMO的Meteor Shower Calendar。
OBSERVING PERIODS PERIOD (UT) FIELD T_eff F LM SHOWER Spor. RA DEC PER KCG M N M N M N 1645-1830 000 +15 1.75 1.11 5.49 C 24 C 3 C 4 1920-2020 040 +60 0.67 1.25 4.95 C 9 C 0 C 1
注:观测时段的记录,其中每个PERIOD不应长于3小时,也不宜短于1小时(除非该阶段内极限星等发生了较大变化),以1.5至2.5小时为好,且应在航海昏影终之后、航海晨光始之前。FIELD是视场中心,以距离辐射点20至40度,且地平高度50至70度为佳。T_eff是有效观测时间(需要扣除记录用时间)。F指改正因子,在后文将详细谈。LM是极限星等,如果小于5,IMO一般不会采用你的报告。流星计数中M指该阶段采用的记录方法(C代表单纯计数,P代表画图),N是指流星数。
MAGNITUDE DISTRIBUTIONS Shw. -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 Tot. PER 0 0 2 0 5 4 1.5 3.5 7 2 3.5 1.5 0 0 0 33 KCG 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 3 Spor. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 5 Tot. 0 0 2 0 5 6 1.5 4.5 7 3 7.5 1.5 0 0 0 41
注:流星的星等统计,如果某颗流星星等出现小数(如1.5等),记录方法是(以1.5等为例):1等0.5颗,2等0.5颗。如果某流星群的流星数大于100,应将该群的流星分阶段记录,令每阶段出现的流星数少于50。
SKY OBSCURED DURATION (UT) PERCENTAGE (%) 1645-1830 10 1920-2020 20
云遮百分比,也要算及视野中被建筑、树木遮挡的天区。如果比例大于20%,IMO认为不具有观测价值。
BREAKS From 1830 to 1920
注:休息时间,没什么好说的。
K=0.13, F=1/(1-K)=1.15 (same as on summary report) Time for plotting: 0 m total, Breaks: 50 m total. Dead time: 0.33h TOTAL Net observed time T_eff=145 m=2.42 h (same as on summary report)
注:K是平均云遮百分比,计算方法是将所有阶段的云遮百分比加权平均。F是改正因子,计算方法见上,注意要前后一致。Dead time是无效观测时间。
LIMITING MAGNITUDE TIME STAR ARAE STAR COUNT LM 1645 6 6 5.49 1730 6 6 5.49 1830 6 6 5.49 1920 2 5 4.95 2020 2 5 4.95 MEAN LIMITING MAGNITUDE: 5.34
注:每阶段的极限星等,测定方法是数指定天区内的星数再查表对照。建议多测几个天区,因为如果某天区内星数变化一,而对应的星等相差0.3以上,则必须放弃该天区。这些对应数据颇烦琐,还是多测几次为好。而且若某阶段内极限星等变化达0.5以上,则需要分成两阶段处理。最后求平均亦是加权平均。
ORIGINAL RECORDS # TIME (UT) Shw. Mag. Vel. TRAIN Col. h Acc. Mem. 1 1648 PER -2 4 White 2 1651 PER -3 2 1s W 40 3 1651 Spor. 3 5 4 1655 PER 1 5 W 45 5 1656 PER 3.5 4 90 6 1702 Spor. 3 4 50 7 1702 KCG -2 2 1s W 60 8 1705 PER 0 4 W 60 9 1709 Spor. 0 2 W 60 10 1711 PER 1 5 W 20 11 1715 PER -0.5 5 W 60 12 1722 PER -3 4 2s W 60 13 1730 PER 3 5 80 14 1734 PER 2 4 W 40 15 1735 PER 4 5 70 16 1740 PER -2 4 1s W 60 17 1749 PER 1 3 W 50 18 1754 KCG 2 3 W 20 19 1756 PER 0 4 W 70 20 1759 PER -5 3 2s W 40 21 1800 PER -1 4 W 50 22 1805 KCG 3 3 70 23 1805 PER 1 4 W 10 24 1806 PER -3 4 1s W 30 25 1809 Spor. 3 4 20 26 1810 PER -3 4 1s Green 90 27 1812 PER -2 3 W 60 28 1820 PER 1 4 W 70 29 1823 PER -5 4 3s Violet 90 30 1825 PER 1 4 W 20 31 1825 PER 3 4 20 32 1920 PER -1 5 W 80 33 1922 PER 2 4 W 20 34 1922 PER -1 4 W 60 35 1923 PER 3 4 80 36 1928 PER 2 5 W 30 37 1954 PER -3 4 1s W 40 38 1954 PER 1 4 W 60 39 2002 Spor. -2 5 W 80 40 2005 PER 0 5 W 80 41 2009 PER 2 3 W 30 VELOCITY (Vel.) SCALE: 0 = Stationary 1 = Very Slow 2 = Slow 3 = Medium 4 = Fast 5 = Very Fast
注:原始记录,最重要的是群属与星等数据,颜色只需要记录亮于2等的流星的,h是自己加的地平高度,因为这一因素会影响星等。某些情况下,速度也是很重要的,因为它也是判断群属的依据,至于具体判断方法,我认为观测几次后自然会总结些经验。
REMARKS: I observed the Perseids from 16:45 to 20:20. My second period was from 19:20 to 20:20. But at 19:50, I found that the tape recorder I brought had been broken. I had to record the data with a pencil and some paper but there was no dead time. I only saw five meteors at the first 10 minutes of this period and five at the end of it. I can just remembered that there were about five meteors I saw from 19:30 to 19:50. The net observed time was only about 40 minutes. I considered the middle of the period as "dead time". end OF REPORT